Start Your Tree Nut Farming Journey in London: A Practical Guide
This page helps aspiring tree nut farmers launch in London with a practical, step-by-step plan. You’ll find a clear overview of the 14 requirements you need to meet under NAICS 111335, plus guidance on land selection, registrations, and the early setup you’ll need before planting. We translate complex rules into action items, so you can budget, schedule, and move forward with confidence and practical budgeting tips tailored for new farms.
Key topics include permits, costs, and a realistic timeline from startup to first harvest. You’ll learn which authorities to contact in London, what inspections or certifications may apply, and how to plan for infrastructure, water use, soil health, pest management, and harvest handling. The goal is to keep you focused on practical milestones, not paperwork confusion. We also outline typical permits, fees, and what the government bills look like.
London’s climate, market access, and supportive agri-programs make it a solid place to grow tree nuts. With the 14 requirements clearly mapped, you’ll move from concept to harvest-ready faster and with less stress. This guide helps you forecast costs and timelines, so you can secure funding, plan plantings, and build a thriving orchard.
Requirements Overview
The most critical requirement for operating a tree nut farming business in London, Ontario is Occupational Health and Safety Act Compliance. This is a legal obligation under Ontario law, and you cannot legally start or run a farm without meeting OHSA requirements—think clear safety policies, worker training, proper protective equipment, and incident reporting. There is no room for compromise here; compliance is non-negotiable and foundational to every aspect of your operation.
Beyond safety, plan for compliant daily operations and permits. Health and safety comes first, followed by practical operational requirements: maintaining an On-Farm Food Safety Program to help ensure product safety and consumer trust; securing a Pesticide Use License if you plan to apply pesticides; and obtaining a Permit to Take Water if your farm draws significant water. Environmental planning matters too—an Environmental Farm Plan is voluntary but can strengthen long-term sustainability. Also ensure Employment Standards Compliance and WSIB coverage for any workers you hire.
On the business side, you’ll need to handle registration and tax numbers. Start with Farm Business Registration and obtain a Business Number (BN) from the CRA for payroll, GST/HST, and other filings. You’ll likely also need a Business Licence and, if you operate under a formal name, Ontario Business Name Registration (ServiceOntario). If you have employees, set up Payroll Deductions Registration and maintain WSIB coverage. Note: the Pesticide Use License above is a regulatory license you’ll need only if you use pesticides.
Next steps: map out which requirements apply to your specific operation, gather the necessary documents, and begin the registrations one by one. Consider reaching out to a local agricultural extension service or farm advisor to tailor this checklist to your plan. With a clear, practical plan, you’ll move confidently toward a compliant, thriving tree nut farm in London.
Detailed Requirements
Here are the specific requirements for starting a tree nut farming in London:
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Farm Business Registration (FBR) RequiredOntario farmers must register their farm business to access programs, grants, and farm property tax benefits. Registration with the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA). Required by law for farms grossing $7,000+ annually. Register with Agricorp online or by phone. Fee: $288.15 (2025, incl. HST). Pay by March 1 to keep active. Need: legal name, CRA info, AgriStability/AgriInvest PIN if applicable, farm location (lot/concession), acreage. Choose accredited farm organization (OFA, CFFO, NFU-O). Exemptions available. Contact: 1-888-247-4999.
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Business Number (BN) Registration RequiredA 9-digit Business Number is required for most businesses operating in Canada. It is used to interact with the Canada Revenue Agency and other federal programs. Required for GST/HST, payroll, corporation income tax, and import/export accounts. Register FREE online through Business Registration Online (BRO) at canada.ca. Takes 15-30 minutes. As of November 3, 2025, online registration is MANDATORY for new BNs - phone registration no longer available. You'll need: business name, address, owner SIN, business type, and start date. BN (9-digit number) issued INSTANTLY online. Available 21 hours/day, 7 days/week (closed 3-6am ET for maintenance).
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Business Licence RequiredGeneral business licence required to operate a business in City of London. Apply to City of London for Business Licence: 1. Determine business category 2. Complete business licence application 3. Submit required documents (ID, lease, zoning confirmation) 4. Pay application and annual fees 5. Await approval and receive licence Contact City of London Business Licensing for specific requirements. Home-based businesses may have different requirements. Annual renewal required.
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Ontario Business Name Registration (ServiceOntario) RequiredBusinesses in Ontario operating under a name other than the owner's legal name must register with Ontario Business Registry through ServiceOntario. This includes sole proprietorships, partnerships, and business names for corporations. Registration provides legal protection for the business name within Ontario and is required for banking, licensing, and business operations. Registration can be completed online through Ontario Business Registry. Business name registrations must be renewed every 5 years. Register business name with Ontario Business Registry: 1. Search Ontario Business Registry (free) for name availability 2. Consider NUANS name report ($25) for thorough search 3. Register online through Ontario Business Registry 4. Pay registration fee ($60 for sole proprietorship/partnership) 5. Receive 9-digit Ontario Business Identification Number (BIN) 6. Registration valid for 5 years 7. Renew before expiry
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Occupational Health and Safety Act Compliance RequiredAll Ontario workplaces must comply with the Occupational Health and Safety Act to ensure safe working conditions. Requirements include workplace safety policies, training, hazard assessments, and incident reporting. No registration - compliance law. Must post OHSA in workplace. JHSC required for 20+ workers (or 6+ in designated industries). Nov 2025: New administrative penalty scheme, defibrillator reimbursement. Telework now covered. Fines: up to $500K individuals, $1.5M corporations. 27 regulations under OHSA. Must conduct safety audits, maintain training records. Contact: 1-877-202-0008.
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Pesticide Use License (Agriculture) RequiredFarmers and agricultural pesticide applicators must be licensed to purchase and apply commercial pesticides. Requires passing pesticide safety training and examination. MECP Pesticide Technician license for commercial applicators. Grower Pesticide Safety Course for farmers (FREE). $90/5yr license fee after exam. Multiple categories: land exterminator, aerial, etc. 75% pass on both exam parts. Cosmetic pesticide ban exceptions for agriculture. IPM recommended. Contact MECP or take course at ontariopesticide.com.
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On-Farm Food Safety Program ConditionalRequired for specific regulated activities. Many commodity sectors require on-farm food safety programs (e.g., CanadaGAP for produce, CQA for beef/dairy). Demonstrates compliance with food safety practices from farm to gate. On-Farm Food Safety Program. CFIA-recognized programs. CanadaGAP for produce. CQA for pork. Proaction for dairy. Contact CFIA: 1-800-442-2342.
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Environmental Farm Plan (Voluntary) ConditionalRequired for environmental compliance. Voluntary environmental assessment and action plan identifying environmental risks and best management practices. Required for accessing many cost-share programs and grants. Voluntary program through Ontario Soil and Crop Improvement Association (OSCIA). Free to participate. Workshops available. Risk assessment tool. Action plan development. Opens access to cost-share programs (SARFIP). Third-party review available. Confidential. Enhanced EFP available. 4-year validity. Contact OSCIA: 1-800-265-9751.
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Permit to Take Water (Agriculture) ConditionalRequired for specific regulated activities. Farms taking more than 50,000 litres of water per day for irrigation or livestock watering must obtain a Permit to Take Water from the Ministry of Environment. Required for taking 50,000+ litres/day from environment. Three categories: Cat 1 ($750) lower risk/renewals; Cat 2 ($750) short-term with QP review; Cat 3 ($3,000) full hydro study required. Apply via MECP email to PTTW.Submission@ontario.ca. Daily reporting required. EASR for routine/low-risk activities. Contact MECP regional office.
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Employment Standards Compliance ConditionalApplies if you have employees. Covers minimum wage, hours of work, vacation pay, public holidays, termination notice, etc. All Ontario employers must comply with the Employment Standards Act, covering minimum wage, hours of work, overtime, vacation, termination, severance, and other workplace rights. No registration required - compliance-based requirement. Follow Employment Standards Act (ESA) for minimum wage, hours of work, overtime, vacation, leaves, and termination. Post ESA poster in workplace (free download from ontario.ca). Keep employment records for 3 years. NEW for 2025: Employers with 25+ staff must provide written employment info to new hires by July 1, 2025. Job postings must include salary ranges by Jan 1, 2026. Call 1-800-531-5551 for help.
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GST/HST Registration ConditionalRequired if annual taxable revenue exceeds $30,000 (small supplier threshold). Taxi/ride-share drivers must register regardless of revenue. Businesses with gross revenues over $30,000 in any single quarter or over four consecutive quarters must register for, collect, and remit GST/HST. Small suppliers (under $30,000) may register voluntarily. Register FREE online through Business Registration Online (BRO) when your revenue exceeds $30,000 in any 4 consecutive quarters (small supplier threshold). Takes 15-30 minutes. You MUST register within 29 days of exceeding threshold and start charging GST/HST immediately on the sale that made you exceed it. Need your BN (or get one simultaneously). As of Nov 3, 2025, online registration is mandatory. Voluntary registration available anytime for input tax credits.
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Payroll Deductions Registration ConditionalRequired if you pay salaries, wages, or other remuneration to employees. Must register before first pay period. Required if you have employees. You must withhold Canada Pension Plan (CPP), Employment Insurance (EI), and income tax from employee wages and remit to CRA. Register FREE online through Business Registration Online (BRO) when you hire your first employee. Takes 15-20 minutes. You'll need your Business Number (BN) or can get one simultaneously. Payroll account (RP) added to your BN instantly. Register BEFORE your first pay date. Required to deduct CPP, EI, and income tax from employee wages. For 2025: CPP rate 5.95%, EI employee rate $1.66/$100 insurable earnings.
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WSIB Registration and Coverage ConditionalRequired within 10 days of hiring first employee, including family members and subcontractors. Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) registration is mandatory for most Ontario businesses with employees. Provides compensation and support for workplace injuries and illnesses. Sole proprietors and partners can apply for optional coverage. Register FREE online at wsib.ca in 15-20 minutes. MANDATORY for most Ontario employers within 10 calendar days of hiring first worker. You'll need: CRA Business Number, payroll estimate, business activity description, owner/director info. Account number issued INSTANTLY online. Construction industry has expanded compulsory coverage. Premium rates vary by industry classification. Must display WSIB safety poster in workplace.
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Nutrient Management Plan and Strategy ConditionalRequired for specific regulated activities. Farms generating or using agricultural nutrients (manure, fertilizer) above thresholds must prepare nutrient management plans and strategies to protect water quality and manage nutrient application. Nutrient Management Act 2002 (NMA) governs. Required for 300+ nutrient units (NU) or prescribed materials. NASM certificate for non-agricultural source materials. Registered or certified plans. OMAFRA NMAN software. 5-year strategy. Annual plan updates. Setbacks from water, neighbors. Contact OMAFRA: 1-877-424-1300.
Funding & Grants
Available funding programs that may apply to your tree nut farming:
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50% cost-share grant under the Sustainable CAP framework (2023–2028) with two streams: On-Farm Irrigation (up to $17,500 for purchases or $6,000 for upgrades per parcel, max $35,000/fiscal year) and On-Farm Water Supply (max $40,000 per applicant over the 2023–2028 program period). Continuous intake subject to available annual funding.
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A $25.7M program under the Sustainable Canadian Agricultural Partnership open to not-for-profit and Indigenous organizations. AAFC contributes up to 70% of eligible costs (max $1M/year or $5M over 5 years; $100K/year or $500K for national fair projects). In-kind contributions capped at 15% of total. Priority intake closed May 30, 2025; …
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A non-refundable BC personal and corporate income tax credit equal to 25% of the fair market value of eligible agricultural products donated to qualifying registered charities in BC. Available for donations made between February 16, 2016 and December 31, 2026. The credit is claimed in addition to the regular charitable …
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The Agricultural Living Laboratories Initiative (now operating under the Agricultural Climate Solutions — Living Labs program) is a $185-million, 10-year federal initiative that brings together farmers, scientists, and sector stakeholders to develop and evaluate innovative technologies and practices in real-world farm conditions. Fourteen living labs across Canada were launched in …
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The Agricultural Youth Green Jobs Initiative (AYGI) was a wage subsidy program under Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada designed to attract youth to environmentally focused careers in agriculture. It offered two streams: the Green Farms Stream (subsidizing on-farm youth internships up to $10,000 per intern) and the Green Internships Stream (subsidizing …
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